Training

Lithium Niobate electro-optic modulators from bulk to LNOI.

What to expect

Lithium niobate’s electro-optic (Pockels) effect has been known for over 80 years, yet it remains at the forefront of photonics research. This talk explores how technological advances have transformed electro-optic (EO) modulators from bulky components to compact, high-performance devices based on thin-film lithium niobate (LNTF). Through a historical perspective, we’ll examine the key metrics that have driven this evolution—energy efficiency, bandwidth, and footprint—and the trade-offs involved.

Outline:
• I. Bulk LiNbO₃ Devices

Introduction to the index ellipsoid, common configurations, and current uses.

• II. Standard LiNbO₃ Waveguides

Overview of traditional waveguiding technologies, their evolution, and essential performance parameters for EO modulation.

• III. LNOI and TFLN-Based EO Components

How thin-film platforms enable broadband, low-power EO modulation, with a focus on Mach-Zehnder modulators as a key example.

• IV. Miniaturization

A look at the emerging role of EO photonic crystals in pushing the limits of integration.

Course outcomes

Participants can expect to gain:

  • An initial introduction to electro-optic modulation;
  • An insight into the history of lithium niobate waveguiding technologies;
  • An overview of lithium niobate-based electri-optic modulators applications across a diverse range of industry sectors;
  • An outline of the supports provided by PhotonHub, who is eligible and how to apply.

Course audience

This PhotonHub online course is aimed both at newcomers who want to understand why lithium niobate is so highly valued in key sectors such as optical telecommunications, photonic computing, and quantum information, and at those who wish to deepen their knowledge of lithium niobate technologies and their historical developments. The course is also an ideal preparation activity for those who wish to participate in further onsite hands-on training through one of PhotonHub’s Demo and Experience Centres located across Europe.

Attendee experience

No previous experience necessary.